Saturday, May 11, 2019

Visual Aspects of Dyslexia

Visual Aspects of Dyslexia
"Visual Aspects of Dyslexia".

Some interesting quotes:

"During reading, we see more than one letter during one period of fixation. Due to the size of the ''window" around the fovea, one sees only four to six letters at a time (O'Regan, 1990)"

"90% of the reading time is devoted to fixations, while saccades take only 10% of the time; the majority of saccaded are made from left to right and have a mean length of seven to nine characters, i.e. 2-3 decreases. About 12% of the saccades are in the opposite direction"

"reading is a learned skill that requires the precise synthesis of visual and verbal information. In order to read successfully, we must have a visual system that is sufficiently tuned to recognizing contrast borders in the form of edges, curves, lines, corners, and dots."

"dorsal pathway transmits information quickly and is responsible for coding qualities such as motion, spatial location, and low contrast, while the ventral pathway is slower and responsible for transmitting information about things like color, detail, and high contrast"

"training the dorsal stream independently of reading increases reading speed and/or accuracy"

"Beginning readers have very few words in their sight vocabulary; so they mainly rely on the sublexical, phonological route. First they have to visually identify individual letters and their order and then translate them into the sounds they stand for. Then these a melded into the word's complete sound and associated with its meaning. All these stages mean that this route is relatively slow and only used for unfamiliar words"


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